"Relating new information to something the student already knows," is an example of which type of memory aid?

Relating new information to something the student already knows is an example of elaboration, which serves to enhance understanding and retention. This strategy builds on existing knowledge by making connections between familiar concepts and new material. By integrating new information with prior knowledge, students can create a more meaningful framework, making it easier to recall the information later.

Elaboration not only encourages deeper processing of the material but also aids in constructing a mental model that organizes information effectively. This approach contrasts with mere repetition, which focuses on rote memorization without enhancing understanding, or scaffolding, which involves providing support as students learn new concepts but does not specifically emphasize the connection between old and new information. Chunking refers to breaking down information into smaller, manageable units, which is also beneficial for memory but doesn't inherently create meaningful connections like elaboration does.