Which learning theory emphasizes observable behaviors in learning?

The learning theory that emphasizes observable behaviors in learning is behaviorism. This approach focuses on understanding how specific stimuli in the environment lead to observable responses or behaviors from the learner. Behaviorists believe that learning occurs through interactions with the environment, where behaviors are modified through reinforcement and punishment.

In behaviorism, the primary concern is with how external factors influence behavior rather than internal mental processes. This makes it particularly effective for training programs and educational settings where specific behavioral outcomes are desired, as it allows instructors to measure learner progress through observable actions.

Other theories, such as cognitivism, constructivism, and humanism, place greater emphasis on internal processes, individual experience, and personal development rather than strictly observable behaviors. This distinction is key in understanding the different approaches to learning and education.